Journal «Angiology and Vascular Surgery» • 

2020 • VOLUME 26 • №4

Development of surgery of the heart and great vessels in Rassia during the first half of the 20th century

Morgoshiya T.Sh., Sergeeva G.P.

Department of Faculty Surgery named after Professor A.A. Rusanov, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Analysed in the article are scientific priorities of Russian cardiovascular surgeons in the first half of the 20th century, showing rapid and successful development of surgery of the lungs, heart, and great vessels over a comparatively short time period, also underlining the fundamental works of Yu.Yu. Dzhanelidze, S.S. Bryukhonenko, N.N. Terebinsky and their contribution to the development of Soviet cardiovascular surgery, highlighting the pioneering developments of A.A. Vishnevsky, N.K. Galankin, D.A. Donetsky in surgery of the heart and large vessels. Mention is made that during those years, Russian scientists carried out a series of interesting experimental global-level studies on cardiovascular surgery. It was demonstrated that in the middle of the 20th century vascular surgery strengthened its position as an independent branch of clinical medicine. In connection with the increased range and scope of operative interventions on vessels, it was essential to develop the previously existing and to establish new vascular surgical approaches. They should be maximally simple, possibly less aggressive, taking into account the location of nerves and vascular collaterals, as well as sufficient for exposing a neurovascular bundle and creating the possibilities for drainage of the wound, if necessary. Determination of rational operative approaches to blood vessels turned out to be significant for solving the problem of surgical management of acute arterial obstruction. The subsequent rapid development of medical science confirmed groundlessness of a sceptical attitude towards vascular surgery.

KEY WORDS: cardiac surgery, operations on vessels, historical aspects, cardiac wounds, vascular suture, treatment of heart defects, vascular graft.

P. 191

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