Glycocalyx as a determining factor in development of endothelial venous dysfunction and possibilities of correction thereof

Shevchenko Yu.L., Stoiko Yu.M., Gudymovich V.G., Chernyago T.Yu.

National Medical and Surgical Centre named after N.I. Pirogov under the RF Ministry of Public Health, Moscow, Russia

Modern vascular surgery has the data on a substantial role of the endothelium in pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with a wide range of pathological processes including those in chronic diseases of lower-limb veins. The discovery of the endothelial glycocalyx made it possible to evaluate its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction as a trigger mechanism in impairment of venous blood flow. The understanding of the unifying role of endothelial dysfunction in pathology in various fields of medicine provides a possibility of predicting the development of serious socially significant diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obstetrical complications, and to correct the conditions associated therewith.

The present study was aimed at carrying out a systematic literature review, thus making it possible to evaluate the role of the endothelial glycocalyx in the development of endothelial dysfunction, as well as to determine therapy with sulodexide capable of decreasing the probability of the onset of endothelial dysfunction at the expense of an anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and angioprotective effect on the endothelial wall.

KEY WORDS: glycocalyx, endothelium, endothelial dysfunction, chronic diseases of lower extremity veins, correction of endothelial dysfunction, sulodexide.

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